This year during winter, June was unusually dry overall, with, of course, the regional exceptions. Despite warmer daytimes, cold snaps overnight produced record lows in many eastern and alpine regions. July shifted to a wetter and warmer phase, especially in the north. In August, Eastern states were surprised with heavy snow.
And while winter is almost out the door for many of us, I’m still quick to pull out my warmest jumper and crank up the heater. But we mustn’t forget our furry, scaly, and feathered family members. Winter isn’t over, so it’s crucial for pet owners to recognise that our animals are just as susceptible to the weather as we are, and their needs shift dramatically with the season.
As a vet, I’ve noticed a few common themes with our patients this winter – lethargic behaviours, particularly in our older patients, weight gain from decreased daily exercise and lastly skin irritations from the cool damp air, thick fur coats or ill-fitting jackets.
To help pet owners to navigate these recent cases, I’ve got some advice I think might be helpful for as we transition from winter to spring, and for future winters.
The idea that a thick coat of fur is enough protection for our pets in winter is a common misconception. While some breeds are certainly hardier, even the fluffiest dog can feel the biting cold. And for short-haired breeds, senior pets, puppies, and even small animals like rabbits, guinea pigs, and reptiles, winter can pose significant health risks, from respiratory issues like bronchitis to exacerbated joint pain in our older arthritic patients.
Just as we might experience the ‘winter blues,’ our pets are not immune to the psychological effects of reduced activity and shorter days. Cats and dogs, in particular, are highly intuitive and can pick up on our own lazy tendencies. It’s tempting to stay cooped up indoors, but maintaining your pet’s daily exercise regime is vital for their mental and physical wellbeing. This doesn’t always mean long walks in the rain; interactive indoor games, puzzle feeders, shorter walks during the warmest parts of the day and training sessions can provide crucial mental stimulation. Be mindful with a reduction in exercise (or increase in calorie intake from puzzle feeders), weight gain over winter is extremely common. The extra kilograms for our patients can have significant health effects ranging from joint pain to diabetes. A reduction in overall calorie intake is usually necessary to ensure our pets have a nice trim waistline in spring and summer.
Beyond exercise, shelter and warmth are very important. Even indoor pets benefit from cozy, draft-free bedding, elevated from hard floors. For pets who spend time outdoors, their shelter must be weatherproof, insulated, and lined with blankets. And yes, pet apparel isn’t just a fashion statement; for certain breeds and older pets, jumpers, coats, and waterproof jackets are essential to help them maintain body heat on chilly walks. Don’t forget paw protection, either – socks can guard against cold and icy surfaces that can lead to cracks and dryness. If you notice any cracks or dryness, pet-safe moisturisers or balms can provide relief.
Speaking of skin, the dry winter air and constant heating can lead to dryness and irritation. Regular brushing helps distribute natural oils, keeping fur healthy. It’s important to avoid excessive bathing in winter as it is quite difficult to completely dry our pets with the cool winter air. Leaving our pets wet can lead to skin infections and contribute to matting. As the weather warms up, a trip to the groomers is recommended to ensure a fresh look so our pets can benefit from some sunshine on their skin.
Perhaps one of the most overlooked aspects of winter pet care is hydration. We tend to associate increased water intake with warmer months, but monitoring your pet’s water intake in the cold is just as important. They may be less inclined to drink on their own, and dehydration can be a silent threat. For reptiles, whose needs differ, regular misting or soaking in water is essential to combat dry air.
Winter’s not over so let’s commit to understanding and addressing the evolving needs of our pets. By providing adequate shelter, maintaining their exercise routines, focusing on grooming and hydration, and pet-proofing our homes, we can ensure our beloved companions remain warm, comfortable, and healthy through the colder months. Our pets rely on us for their wellbeing, and a little extra care this season can make all the difference to their happiness and health.
This opinion piece was written by Gloria Ebeyer, Petstock Altona North, Head Veterinarian.
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